Research

Making melanoma immortal: Pitt scientists discover key genetic step in cancer’s race to live forever

Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered the missing puzzle piece in the mystery of how melanoma tumors control their mortality.

In a paper published in Science this week, Jonathan Alder, Ph.D. and his team describe how they discovered the perfect combination of genetic alterations that tumors use to promote explosive growth and prevent their own demise, a development that could change the way oncologists understand and treat melanoma.

COVID vaccination improves effectiveness of cancer treatment

Patients with nasopharyngeal cancer are often treated with drugs that activate their immune system against the tumor. Until now, it was feared that vaccination against Covid-19 could reduce the success of cancer treatment or cause severe side effects. A recent study by the Universities of Bonn and Shanxi in the People's Republic of China now gives the all-clear in this regard.

Sugar molecules as a target in cancer therapy

Cancer cells use sugar molecules on their surface to disable attacks by the body's immune system. Researchers at the University of Basel now report on how this mechanism can be neutralized.

The immune system is actually extremely well equipped to get rid of abnormal cells.

Study reveals vaccine confidence declined considerably during COVID-19 pandemic

A new study suggests that, despite the success of the COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, vaccine confidence has declined significantly since the start of the pandemic.

Researchers from the University of Portsmouth carried out two anonymous surveys in the winters of 2019 and 2022 to investigate people's attitudes towards vaccinations and the factors that might underpin hesitancy and refusal.

New insights on antibody responses to Omicron variants

Knowing how well vaccination against one SARS-CoV-2 strain (with or without previous infection) counteracts infection with a different strain is a critical research question. The answers could guide strategies to continue to subdue the COVID pandemic, even as the coronavirus regains ground.

The origin-of-life molecule, a key to cancer research

RNA, the molecule that gave rise to life, has been shown to be essential for repairing human genetic material and preventing mutations that might lead to developing cancer. Recent advances in research, such as those published by the research team of Daniel Gómez Cabello at the University of Seville, propose this compound as a therapeutic target for developing tailored strategies for treating cancer.

Ancient viral DNA in human genome guards against infections

Viral DNA in human genomes, embedded there from ancient infections, serve as antivirals that protect human cells against certain present-day viruses, according to new research.

The paper, "Evolution and Antiviral Activity of a Human Protein of Retroviral Origin," published in Science, provides proof of principle of this effect.

Making melanoma immortal: Pitt scientists discover key genetic step in cancer’s race to live forever

COVID vaccination improves effectiveness of cancer treatment

Sugar molecules as a target in cancer therapy

Study reveals vaccine confidence declined considerably during COVID-19 pandemic

New insights on antibody responses to Omicron variants

The origin-of-life molecule, a key to cancer research

Ancient viral DNA in human genome guards against infections

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